The History and Meaning of Memorial Day
Every year, Americans gather on the last Monday in May to honor the men and women who have died in military service to the United States. While many associate the long weekend with the unofficial start of summer, the true significance of Memorial Day runs far deeper.
Origins of Memorial Day
Memorial Day traces its roots to the aftermath of the Civil War, a conflict that claimed more American lives than any other and necessitated the creation of the country's first national cemeteries. In the spring of 1868, General John A. Logan of the Grand Army of the Republic called for a nationwide day of remembrance. On May 30, 1868, what was then called "Decoration Day" was observed by decorating the graves of fallen soldiers with flowers at Arlington National Cemetery.1
Although various towns claim to be the birthplace of Memorial Day, in 1966, Congress and President Lyndon B. Johnson officially declared Waterloo, New York, as the holiday's origin due to its consistent, formal observance starting in 1866.2
Evolution into a National Holiday
Originally dedicated to honoring those who died in the Civil War, the scope of Memorial Day expanded over time to include all American military personnel who lost their lives in service. In 1971, Memorial Day was declared a national holiday by an act of Congress and moved to the last Monday in May as part of the Uniform Monday Holiday Act, which aimed to provide more three-day weekends for the nation’s workers.3
Customs and Observances
Memorial Day is marked by various traditions. Many Americans visit cemeteries and memorials to pay their respects, often leaving flags or flowers at gravesites. A national moment of remembrance is observed at 3:00 p.m. local time. Parades featuring military personnel and veterans are held in cities and towns across the country.
In recent decades, some have voiced concerns that the true purpose of Memorial Day has been overshadowed by commercial activities and recreational gatherings. Efforts by organizations like the National Moment of Remembrance Commission aim to reclaim the solemnity and significance of the day.4
Honoring the Fallen Today
Memorial Day serves as a solemn reminder of the cost of freedom. It is a day not only for remembering those who made the ultimate sacrifice but also for reflecting on how we, as a nation, uphold their legacy. Whether through quiet reflection, public ceremony, or community service, each act of remembrance helps preserve the meaning of this important holiday.
1. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. "Memorial Day." https://www.va.gov/opa/speceven/memday/
2. Library of Congress. "Today in History: May 30." https://www.loc.gov/item/today-in-history/may-30/
3. National Archives. "Memorial Day and Its Origins." https://www.archives.gov/news/topics/memorial-day